• • • Humans in Buddhism (Sanskrit manuṣya, Pali manussa) are the subjects of an extensive commentarial literature that examines the nature and qualities of a human life from the point of view of humans' ability to achieve. In Buddhism, humans are just one type of, that is a being with a. In Sanskrit Manushya means an Animal with a mind. In Sanskrit the word Manusmriti associated with Manushya was used to describe knowledge through memory.

The word Muun or Maan means mind. Mind is collection of past experience with an ability of memory or smriti. Mind is considered as an animal with a disease that departs a soul from its universal enlightened infinitesimal behavior to the finite miserable fearful behavior that fluctuates between the state of heaven and hell before it is extinguished back to its infinitesimal behavior. In Buddhism, humans have a very special status: only a human can attain enlightenment as a fully enlightened. Enlightenment as an can be attained from the realms of the.

A can appear in many different types of lives, for instance as an or as a. Buddhas, however, are always human.

Contents • • • • • • Qualities of human life [ ] The status of life as a human, at first is seen as very important. In the hierarchy of it is low but not entirely at the bottom. It is not intrinsically marked by extremes of happiness or, but all the states of consciousness in the universe, from hellish suffering to divine joy to serene tranquility can be experienced within the human world. Humans can be seen as highly favored, in that they have an immediate reason to seek out the and yet also have the means to listen to it and follow it. Among the lower realms, (aka hungry ghosts), and dwellers in the (Buddhist hell(s)) are gripped by pain and fear, and can only endure their lot but cannot better themselves. Animals are intellectually unable to understand the Dharma in full. The way of life of the is dominated by violence and antithetical to the teachings of the Dharma.

Most of the Brahmas and Devas simply enjoy reaping the fruits of their past and think that they are immortal and forever to be happy and so they don't try to practice the Dharma. When their past karmas have all had their result, these devas will fall into lower worlds and suffer again. The lowest sorts of devas deal with strife, love, and loss just as humans do, but even so they lack the spur of imminent mortality that can lead humans to seek, not merely a better future life, but an escape from altogether. However, there are stories of beings in these realms deciding to practice and reaching enlightenment. For this reason, life in the world of humans is known as 'the precious human rebirth'. Born close to the pivot point of happiness and suffering, humans have a unique capacity for moral choices with long-term significance.

Gautama Buddha (c. 483/400 BCE), also known as Siddhārtha Gautama (सिद्धार्थ गौतम) in Sanskrit or Siddhattha Gotama (शिद्धत्थ गोतम) in Pali, Shakyamuni (i.e. 'Sage of the Shakyas') Buddha, or simply the Buddha, after the title of Buddha, was a monk (), mendicant, sage, philosopher and teacher on whose teachings Buddhism was founded.

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The human rebirth is said to be extremely rare. The Majjhima Nikaya (129 Balapandita Sutta) compares it to a wooden cattle-yoke floating on the waves of the sea, tossed this way and that by the winds and currents. The likelihood of a blind turtle, rising from the depths of the ocean to the surface once in a hundred years, putting its head through the hole in the yoke is considered greater than that of a being in the animal realm, hungry ghost realm or hell realm achieving rebirth as a human. This is because, according to the sutta, in these realms there is no Dhamma (Sanskrit Dharma), no practicing what is right, no doing what is wholesome, and no performing of merit. However it is generally implied that if one is already living as a human they will continue to be reborn in the human world based on good works and so they will be one again and again as long as they are moral and good in the ways described in Buddhist rules regardless of whether or not they are Buddhist themselves.

The idea is that one must be good and moral because falling below the human realm is dangerous as the odds of one becoming a human again with any great frequency is slim. Among humans there are also better and worse conditions for attaining enlightenment.